Antonio Sciarretta's Toponymy |
Common remarks: the place-names have been put in the nominative case, an asterisk * means not attested, reconstructed form. The late place-names of probable Latin origin have not been included. The IE roots are in the form given by Pokorny's Indogermanische Wörterbuch. The links will be active when the single pages will be published, see the main page. For any comment, suggestion, email me.
In the areas of the 'Nine peoples' (Novempopulania), Gaulish placenames are much more rare, if any exists. In these areas there is good evidence of a Vasco-Aquitanian stratum, which seemingly stretched on both sides of the Pyrenees. Such a stratum (probably a superstratum that displaced a Celtic continuum) is recognizable from typical words and compounds that found a parallel in modern Basque language.
A third stratum could be identified if one posits sound changes like *g('h)>k to explain some placenames in a non-Gaulish, IE context. This stratum has been called "Kartic" by A. Fournet.